What are language pedagogical theories?(4)

13. Ecological Approaches

• Key Idea: Language learning is embedded in the learner’s interaction with their social and physical environment.
• Pedagogical Application:
  • Emphasizing authentic, real-world contexts.
  • Encouraging learners to interact with their environment (e.g., using language in community settings).

14. Critical Pedagogy

• Key Idea: Language teaching should empower learners to question and transform societal inequalities.
• Pedagogical Application:
  • Using materials that raise awareness of social, cultural, and political issues.
  • Encouraging critical thinking and discussions about real-world problems.

15. Noticing Hypothesis (Schmidt)

• Key Idea: Learners must consciously notice language features (e.g., grammar, vocabulary) in input for them to be acquired.
• Pedagogical Application:
  • Activities that highlight specific language features (e.g., underlining or color-coding grammar structures).
  • Structured input to draw attention to forms while maintaining meaning.

16. Processability Theory

• Key Idea: Language learning follows a predictable sequence, constrained by the learner’s ability to process linguistic structures.
• Pedagogical Application:
  • Designing lessons in alignment with the developmental stages of learners (e.g., starting with simpler forms like subject-verb-object structures before complex ones).

(To be continued)