What are secondary (derived) civilizations? (4)(Asia)
There are numerous examples of derived civilizations in Asia, which have been influenced by earlier civilizations and cultural interactions. Here are a few examples:
Indo-Gangetic Civilization:
The Indo-Gangetic civilization, also known as the Indus Valley civilization or Harappan civilization, emerged in the fertile plains of the Indus and Ganges rivers around 3300 BCE. It was influenced by earlier Neolithic and Bronze Age cultures and developed sophisticated urban centers, trade networks, and technological innovations.
Maurya and Gupta Empires:
The Maurya and Gupta Empires, located in the Indian subcontinent, emerged in the ancient and classical periods and were influenced by earlier civilizations such as the Vedic culture and the Mauryan dynasty. These empires made significant contributions to art, architecture, literature, mathematics, and philosophy, shaping the cultural landscape of South Asia.
Islamic Civilization:
Islamic civilization emerged in the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th century CE with the rise of Islam and spread across the Middle East, North Africa, Central Asia, and parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. It was influenced by earlier civilizations such as Byzantium, Persia, and India and became a center of learning, trade, and cultural exchange, making significant contributions to science, art, architecture, and literature.
Japanese Civilization:
Japanese civilization emerged in the Japanese archipelago in ancient times and was influenced by interactions with neighboring cultures, particularly China and Korea. It developed unique traditions, art forms, religions, and social structures, blending indigenous Shinto beliefs with Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist influences.
Khmer Empire:
The Khmer Empire, located in present-day Cambodia, emerged in the medieval period and was influenced by earlier civilizations such as Funan and Chenla. It became a powerful empire known for its monumental architecture, particularly the temples of Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom, which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
These examples illustrate the diversity of derived civilizations in Asia, each shaped by a complex interplay of indigenous cultures, external influences, historical developments, and geographical factors. Each civilization has its unique characteristics, contributions, and legacies in Asian history and culture.