What are the pristine (origin) languages?(2)

Pristine languages, also known as origin or primary languages, are the earliest known languages that arose independently and did not evolve from other known languages. These languages typically emerged in ancient civilizations and were the first to develop complex writing systems. Some of the most widely recognized pristine languages include:

In addition to the prominent origin languages like Sumerian, Egyptian, and Chinese, several other origin (or pristine) languages around the world are known to have developed independently and contributed to the early foundations of linguistic history. These origin languages arose without influence from any prior writing systems and represent unique linguistic innovations. Here are some other notable origin languages:

• Etruscan: Originating in ancient Italy, Etruscan was spoken by the Etruscan civilization before the rise of Rome. Although its script has been deciphered, much of the language itself remains only partially understood.
• Olmec: While not fully understood, the Olmec civilization in Mesoamerica is believed to have contributed to the development of the region’s early writing systems. The Olmecs influenced later scripts like the Mayan and Zapotec, though their own writing remains mostly undeciphered.
• Proto-Sinaitic: Considered the earliest known alphabetic writing system, Proto-Sinaitic originated in the Sinai Peninsula and is the ancestor of Phoenician, which influenced Greek, Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, and other alphabetic scripts.
• Zapotec: The Zapotec civilization in ancient Mexico developed an early writing system, separate from the Maya, that is one of the earliest in the Americas.
• Indus Valley (Harappan) Script: This script, associated with the Indus Valley Civilization in present-day India and Pakistan, is one of the earliest known in South Asia. Although undeciphered, it represents a significant, independent linguistic development.
• Nubian (Meroitic): The Meroitic script was developed by the Kingdom of Meroë in ancient Nubia (modern-day Sudan) and used a unique alphabetic system. While it has been partially deciphered, its language structure remains challenging to fully interpret.
• Proto-Dravidian: Although not a written language, Proto-Dravidian is thought to be the common ancestor of Dravidian languages like Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam, which have ancient origins in South India. The Dravidian languages likely have deep historical roots in the Indian subcontinent, although Proto-Dravidian’s exact timeline is uncertain.
• Phoenician: Although it arose later than the others, Phoenician is considered a critical origin language due to its development of an alphabetic system. This alphabet was widely adopted and adapted by neighboring cultures, giving rise to Greek and Latin scripts.

These languages represent some of humanity’s earliest linguistic milestones and played foundational roles in shaping the linguistic traditions of their regions. Even though some of these languages are not fully deciphered, they reveal the diversity and complexity of early human communication systems.