What is orthography in linguistics?

In linguistics, orthography refers to the conventional spelling system used to represent the sounds and words of a language in writing. It encompasses rules and conventions for writing, including the arrangement of letters, punctuation, and other symbols. The goal of orthography is to provide a standardized and consistent way to transcribe spoken language into written form.

Orthography can vary among different languages and may change over time. It serves as a visual representation of the linguistic elements, aiding in communication and preserving the language’s written record. Understanding orthography is crucial for literacy, language learning, and maintaining linguistic continuity across generations.