What is the distinction between language acquisition and language learning?

The main difference between language acquisition and language learning lies in the process and nature of acquiring a language.

Language acquisition is a subconscious, natural process that occurs without formal instruction. It’s how individuals naturally acquire their first language(s) through exposure and interaction from infancy.

On the other hand, language learning is a conscious and intentional effort to acquire a new language, typically as a second language or multi-languages. It involves explicit instruction, study, and practice, often in a classroom or structured setting.

In summary, acquisition is a natural, innate process, while learning is a deliberate, conscious endeavor.